A. Central African Republic – Mokom Case [Rejection of request for compensation]
- On January 31, 2025, the Chamber of the ICC rejected Mr. Mokom’s request for compensation, who claimed to have suffered harm as a result of his interactions with the Court. In their decision, the judges highlighted that a period of lawful detention does not become unlawful simply because the person was ultimately not convicted. The Chamber also recalled that, according to article 85(3) of the Rome Statute, the Court may award compensation in case of “a grave and manifest miscarriage of justice,” which must be the reason for the termination of the proceedings.
- More information about the Case can be found here.
B. Republic of the Philippines – Duterte Case [First appearance]
- On March 14, 2025, following its successful surrender to the Court, Mr. Rodrigo Roa Duterte appeared for the first time before the Pre-Trial Chamber. He is suspected of the crime against humanity or murder, allegedly committed in the Republic of the Philippines between November 1, 2011, and March 16, 2019. The Chamber verified the identity of the suspect and ensured that he was clearly informed of the crimes he is alleged to have committed and of his rights under the Rome Statute of the ICC in a language he fully understands and speaks.
- The Chamber provisionally scheduled the confirmation of charges hearing to begin on September 23, 2025. The purpose of the confirmation of charges procedure is to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to establish substantial grounds to believe that the person committed the crimes he or she is suspected of. If the charges are confirmed, totally or partly, the case will be transferred to a Trial Chamber, which will conduct the subsequent phase of the proceedings: the trial.
- More information about the Case can be found here.
C. Uganda – Ongwen Case [Confirmation of reparations decision]
- On April 7, 2025, the Appeals Chamber of the ICC delivered its judgment rejecting Mr. Dominic Ongwen’s appeal and confirming the Trial Chamber’s decision on reparations. Mr. Ongwen had appealed against the Trial Chamber’s ruling, which set his financial liability to € 52,429,000 and ordered collective community-based reparations focused on rehabilitation and symbolic/satisfaction measures.
- Among other findings, the Appeals Chamber concluded that the Trial Chamber’s decision not to reveal the victims’ names to the Defence was justified due to security concerns and did not unduly affect the Defence’s right to conduct a meaningful review of the victims’ dossiers.
- More information about the Case can be found here.
D. Uganda – Kony Case [Confirmation of the decision on the criteria for holding confirmation of charges proceedings in absentia]
- On June 3, 2025, the Appeals Chamber of the ICC delivered its judgement, and confirmed the Pre-Trial Chamber’s decision that the ICC Rome Statute allows for the confirmation of charges hearing to proceed in absentia without requiring a suspect’s prior initial appearance in circumstances in which he or she “cannot be found.”
- The confirmation of charges hearing is therefore scheduled to commence on September 9, 2025, in the absence of the suspect.
- More information about the Case can be found here.
A. Situation in Afghanistan [Applications for arrest warrants]
- On January 23, 2025, the ICC Prosecutor announced that his Office filed two applications for warrants of arrest before the Pre-Trial Chamber II. Following a thorough investigation, the Office concluded that there are reasonable grounds to believe that Mr. Haibatullah Akhundzada, Supreme Leader of the Taliban, and Mr. Abdul Hakim Haqqani, Chief Justice of the “Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan,” bear criminal responsibility for the crime against humanity of persecution on gender grounds under article 7(1)(h) of the Rome Statute. Specifically, they are alleged to be criminally responsible for persecuting Afghan girls and women, as well as persons whom the Taliban perceived as not conforming with their ideological expectations of gender identity or expression, and persons whom the Taliban perceived as allies of girls and women. This persecution was committed from at least August 15, 2021, until the present day, across Afghanistan.
- The judges of the ICC will now determine whether these applications for arrest warrants establish sufficient grounds to issue arrest warrants. If granted, the Office of the ICC Prosecutor together with the Registrar, will pursue efforts to secure suspects’ arrest, with all States Parties obligated to fully cooperate in enforcing the Court’s decisions.
- More information on the Situation can be found here.
B. Situation in Libya [Issuance of arrest warrant and failure to cooperate with the Court, Libya’s declaration accepting the ICC’s jurisdiction]
- On January 22, 2025, the ICC Pre-Trial Chamber issued a warrant of arrest for Mr. Osama Elmasry Njeem. He is alleged to have been in charge of prison facilities in Tripoli, where thousands of persons were detained for prolonged periods, and is suspected of crimes against humanity and war crimes, including murder, torture, rape and sexual violence, allegedly committed since February 2015.
- On the same day, the ICC Registry submitted a request for his arrest to six States Parties, including the Italian Republic. The suspect was located in Turin, Italy, on January 19, 2025, and successfully arrested by the Italian authorities.
- However, on January 21, 2025, without prior notice or consultation with the Court, Mr. Osama Elmasry Njeem was reportedly released from custody and transported back to Libya.
- On May 12, 2025, the Libyan government declared that it accepts to the ICC’s jurisdiction over alleged crimes committed on its territory from 2011 to the end of 2027. The declaration was submitted under Article 12(3) of the Rome Statute, which allows a State not party to the Rome Statute to accept the exercise of jurisdiction of the Court. Until now, the situation in Libya had been under investigation pursuant to the United Nations Security Council resolution 1970, adopted on February 26, 2011, which referred the situation to the ICC Prosecutor.
- More information on the Situation can be found here.
C. Situation in the Republic of the Philippines [Arrest and surrender of suspect to the Court]
- On March 12, 2025, Mr. Rodrigo Roa Duterte was surrendered to the custody of the ICC. He was arrested by the authorities of the Republic of the Philippines in accordance with an arrest warrant issued by the Pre-Trial Chamber for charges of murder as a crime against humanity, allegedly committed in the Philippines between November 1, 2011 and March 16, 2019 (date when the country’s withdrawal from the Rome Statute entered into force).
- The Office of the Prosecutor’s investigation in the Situation in the Republic of the Philippines continues.
- More information about the Situation can be found here.
D. Situation in the State of Palestine [Reversal of the Pre-Trial Chamber’s decision on Israel’s challenge to the jurisdiction of the Court]
- On April 24, 2025, the Appeals Chamber of the ICC ruled that Israel’s appeal against the earlier decision rejecting its jurisdictional challenge was admissible, finding that the Pre-Trial Chamber had made a legal error by not sufficiently considering Israel’s arguments. The Appeals Chamber reversed that decision and sent the matter back to the Pre-Trial Chamber for a new ruling. The Appeals Chamber also dismissed, as moot, Israel’s request regarding the suspension of the two ICC arrest warrants. In addition, the Appeals Chamber dismissed Israel’s appeal, which requested that the Prosecutor issue a new notice under Article 18(1) of the Rome Statute [preliminary rulings regarding admissibility], as it found the appeal inadmissible.
- More information on the Situation can be found here.
i. Situation in Darfur: briefing before the United Nations Security Council
- On January 27, 2025, the ICC Prosecutor briefed the UN Security Council in New York on the situation in Darfur, presenting the fortieth report on the situation (available in English, French, and Arabic). During the session, he described the worsening crisis in Sudan, where international crimes – including gender-based crimes – are escalating. Nevertheless, he stated that his Office has made progress in its investigative activities and indicated that it is taking final steps to present applications for arrest warrants. He also urged the Security Council to strengthen its support for the ICC in bringing perpetrators to justice.
- More information can be found here.
ii. Appointment of two new Special Advisors
- On February 18, 2025, the ICC Prosecutor announced the appointment of Judge Dr. Sanji Mmasenono Monageng and Ms. Evelyn Ama Ankumah as two new Special Advisors without portfolio. The appointment of Special Advisers is intended to create a network of experts representing different regions of the world with cultural, linguistic, and gender diversity.
- More information can be found here.
iii. Visit to the Democratic Republic of the Congo
- On February 26, 2025, the ICC Prosecutor concluded his second mission to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), held from February 24-26, 2025. During the visit, he notably met with the President, the Prosecutor of the Cassation Court, the Auditor General of the Armed Forces, and the First President of the High Military Court. The mission provided an opportunity to discuss ways to strengthen judicial cooperation and deepen collaboration, amid the urgent need to address the grave situation in the Eastern DRC, where violence has escalated alarmingly.
- More information can be found here and here.
iv. Situation in Libya: briefing before the United Nations Security Council
- On May 15, 2025, the ICC Prosecutor briefed the UN Security Council in New York on the situation in Libya, presenting the twenty-ninth report on the situation (available in English, French, and Arabic). During the session, he described the current challenges in the country, including in terms of cooperation, the political and security context in the country, and attempts to impact the work of the Court more broadly. He presented progress made across the past six months, including the issuance of the first public arrest warrant with respect to crimes committed in detention facilities. He also expressed frustration for the failure to surrender the suspect Osama Elmasry Njeem to the Court, as in the days after his arrest, he was returned to Libya by Italy. Despite this context, the Prosecutor welcomed Libya’s new declaration accepting the Court’s jurisdiction through 2027, marking a historic opportunity for partnership to end impunity and support victims, with investigations expected to conclude by 2026.
- More information can be found here.
v. Situation in the Office of the Prosecutor
- On May 16, 2025, the Prosecutor of the ICC informed the Assembly of States Parties of his decision to take leave until the end of the United Nations Office of Internal Oversight Services process, which is investigating his alleged misconduct. The Deputy Prosecutors will be in charge of the management of the Office of the Prosecutor during his absence.
- More information can be found here and here.
vi. Visit to Guinea
- On May 21, 2025, the ICC Deputy Prosecutor concluded his fourth official visit to the Republic of Guinea, from May 19-21, 2025. He notably met with Guinean high officials, the Dean of the Guinea Bar Association, victims and civil society organizations, United Nations representatives and international partners to assess the progress of domestic criminal proceedings conducted in relation to the 28 September 2009 events at the national stadium in Conakry. The principal objectives of the mission were to discuss the granting of a presidential pardon to former President Moussa Dadis Camara, for which concerns were expressed as it may undermine the country’s efforts in its fight against impunity, and the willingness of the authorities to pursue their accountability efforts with respect to the 28 September 2009 events, in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding signed between the Office of the Prosecutor and the Republic of Guinea on 28 September 2022.
- More information can be found here.
i. Agreement on Enforcement of Sentences
- On March 28, 2025, the ICC and the government of Latvia concluded an Agreement on the Enforcement of Sentences. The Rome Statute provides that sentences of imprisonment imposed by the ICC “shall be served in a State designated by the Court from a list of States which have indicated to the Court their willingness to accept sentenced persons.” Similar agreements on the enforcement of sentences are currently in force between the ICC and Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Colombia, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, Mali, Norway, Serbia, Slovenia, Sweden, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
- More information can be found here.
i. States’ voluntary contributions to the TFV
ii. Reparation proceedings
- On January 30, 2025, the TFV welcomed the decision of the Trial Chamber, which determined that the reparations proceedings in the Katanga Case [DRC] have concluded. This decision is the first of its kind in the procedural and judicial history of the ICC. The programme of reparations was implemented between 2017 and 2023.
- On April 11, 2025, the TFV welcomed the conclusion of the judicial reparations phase following the confirmation of the Reparations Order by the ICC Appeals Chamber in the Ongwen Case [Uganda]. The Appeals judgment confirms the award of €52.4 million to nearly 50,000 victims of crimes against humanity and war crimes for which Mr. Dominic Ongwen was convicted. The reparations will be delivered through symbolic cash payments, medical, psychological, and socio-economic rehabilitation programmes, as well as community commemoration and other symbolic activities in line with the Implementation Plan proposed by the TFV and approved by Trial Chamber II on 18 February 2025.
i. ICC welcomes Ukraine as a new State Party
- On January 1, 2025, the Rome Statute entered into force in Ukraine, formally making the country the 125th State Party to the ICC, and the 20th State from the Eastern Europe region.
- More information can be found here.
ii. Threats against the ICC
- On January 23, 2025, the Bureau of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute expressed its deep concern over sanctions measures against the ICC and its personnel, as well as individuals and entities who assist it in investigating, arresting, detaining, or prosecuting certain individuals.
- On February 6, 2025, the President of the ICC, the First Vice-President, and the Registrar visited Brussels and notably met with the President of the European Council, the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, and the Vice-President of the European Commission. They expressed their appreciation for the EU’s support thus far and strongly urged the EU to take concrete and swift steps to protect the Court. They notably stressed that the EU Blocking Statute remains one of the most essential tools for the Court to survive any sanctions that may be imposed.
- On February 7, 2025, the ICC and the President of the ICC issued statements to condemn the issuance of the U.S. Executive Order seeking to impose sanctions on the Court. The ICC President notably called upon all those who share the values enshrined in the Statute to stand united in the Court’s defence.
- On March 19, 2025, the ICC President addressed the Subcommittee on Human Rights and the Committee on Legal Affairs of the European Parliament to discuss the latest developments in the international criminal justice architecture in a changing geopolitical landscape, including the U.S. executive order imposing sanctions on the ICC. She strongly urged the European Union to take immediate action to protect the Court and the rule of law in the international community, including by swiftly amending the EU Blocking Statute.
- On June 5, 2025, the ICC and the Assembly of States Parties deplored the additional designations for sanctions from the U.S. administration of four judges of the Court: Second Vice-President Reine Adelaide Sophie Alapini Gansou (Benin), Judge Solomy Balungi Bossa (Uganda), Judge Luz del Carmen Ibáñez Carranza (Peru), and Judge Beti Hohler (Slovenia). These additional designations follow the earlier designation of Prosecutor Karim A.A. Khan KC. ICC Judges also expressed their support and solidarity with their colleagues who face sanctions.
- On June 30, 2025, the ICC declared that it detected and contained a new sophisticated and targeted cyber security incident.
- More information can be found here, here, here, here, here, and here.
iii. Hungary’s withdrawal from the Rome Statute
- On April 3, 2025, the Presidency of the Assembly of States Parties expressed concern in response to the announcement that the government of Hungary had taken steps for the country to withdraw from the Rome Statute.
- On June 5, 2025, the President of the Assembly of States Parties expressed regret regarding the withdrawal of Hungary from the Rome Statute, which will be effective as of 2 June 2026.
- More information can be found here and here.